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Dyscalculia Illustrated shows a young woman's confusion with numbers, symbols, clocks, calendars, combination locks, and math books. by Jo-Ellen Bosson, 2020.

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Is it a Learning Disability?

Dyscalculia Checklist

Learning Disabilities Checklist

Expert Diagnosis

Dyelexia, Dysgraphia, ASD, APD

Boy in school showing understanding of math work. Got it! by Jo-Ellen Bosson of NY, Dyscalculia Illustrated, 2020

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Student confusion in math class. Dyscalculia Illustrated by Jo-Ellen Bosson, NY, 2020.

Evidence

Math achievement lags behind learning in other subjects, in spite of average or advanced skills in speech, reading, and writing. Number tasks produce confusion, anxiety, and distress. Students work earnestly in math and may receive "mercy grades" for advancement, however, standardized tests reveal deficits. Detailed score reports from benchmark tests document consistent under-performance over time.

Dyscalculic woman experiences confusion reading an analog clock. Dyscalculia Illustration by Jo-Ellen Bosson of NY. 2020

History

Dyscalculia Timeline - 1808 to Present

Terms, Definitions, & Signs

Videos About Dyscalculia

College & Dyscalculia

Dyscalculia 6-26%

Dyscalculia is defined as consistent failure to achieve in mathematics commensurate with age, intelligence, adequate instruction, and effort. It is marked by difficulties with counting, working memory, visualization; visuospatial, directional, and sequential perception and processing; retrieval of learned facts and procedures; quantitative reasoning speed; motor sequencing; perception of time; and the accurate interpretation and representation of numbers when reading, copying, writing, reasoning, speaking, and recalling. Dyscalculia affects 6% to 7% of the population, and up to 26%, when including weaker forms.

Symptoms

random number and symbol mixups when reading, thinking, copying, writing, speaking, and remembering
unreliable memory of numbers, math facts, rules, and procedures
inordinate effort nets disappointing results
poor mental figuring
counting and calculation with fingers or marks
is quickly overwhelmed- experiences frustration, tears, distress, anxiety, panic, and avoidance
struggles with handling money
See more in The Dyscalculia Checklist

Definition

Specific Learning Disorders (SLDs) are defined in The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association.

"Specific Learning Disorder-- with impairment in Mathematics (315.1), Reading (315.0), or Written Expression (315.2). SLD is "a neurodevelopmental disorder of biological origin manifested in learning difficulties and problems in acquiring academic skills markedly below age level and manifested in the early school years, lasting for at least 6 months, not attributed to intellectual disabilities, developmental disorders, or neurological or motor disorders."